技術隨手記: 5月 2012

2012年5月9日星期三

To completely remove all Oracle databases, instances, and software from an Oracle home directory

http://docs.oracle.com/cd/B19306_01/install.102/b15660/remove_oracle_sw.htm#sthref1036

6.1 Overview

To completely remove all Oracle databases, instances, and software from an Oracle home directory, you must:

Identify all instances associated with the Oracle home.
Remove database and Automatic Storage Management instances.
Shut down processes.
Reconfigure the Oracle Cluster Synchronization Services Daemon, if necessary.
Remove the Oracle software.

6.2 Identifying All Instances

To identify all instances associated with the Oracle home that you want to remove, enter the following command:

$ more /etc/oratab

The output of this command contains entries similar to the following:

+ASM:/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1:N
CUST:/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1:N

These entries show that the +ASM Automatic Storage Manager instance and the CUST Oracle database instance are associated with the/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1 Oracle home directory.

6.3 Removing an Oracle Database

To completely remove Oracle Database software, you must remove any installed databases. To remove an Oracle database:

Note:

Removing an Oracle database deletes all of the data in the database. If you want to keep this data, make sure that you back up the database before deleting it.

Log in as the oracle user:
```
$ su - oracle
```
Run the oraenv or coraenv script to set the environment for the database that you want to remove, for example:
- Bourne, Bash, or Korn shell:
```
$ . /usr/local/bin/oraenv
```
- C shell:
```
% source /usr/local/bin/coraenv
```
At the prompt, specify the SID for the database that you want to remove.
Start the Database Configuration Assistant:
```
$ dbca
```
The Welcome window appears.
Click Next.

The Operations window appears.
Select Delete a Database, then click Next.
Select the database that you want to delete, then click Finish.
In the window that appears, confirm that you want to delete the database.
When Database Configuration Assistant removes the database, you are prompted to choose whether you want to perform another operation. Click Yesto return to the Operations screen or click No to exit from Database Configuration Assistant. If you want to remove another database, click Yes and repeat steps 6 through 8.

6.4 Removing an Automatic Storage Management Instance

To completely remove Oracle database software, you must also remove any Automatic Storage Management instances running in the Oracle home. To remove an Automatic Storage Management instance:

If necessary, log in as the oracle user:
```
$ su - oracle
```
Run the oraenv or coraenv script to set the environment for the Automatic Storage Management instance that you want to remove, for example:
- Bourne, Bash, or Korn shell:
```
$ . /usr/local/bin/oraenv
```
- C shell:
```
$ source /usr/local/bin/coraenv
```
At the prompt, specify the SID for the Automatic Storage Management instance that you want to remove.
Connect to the Automatic Storage Management instance as the SYS user:
```
$ sqlplus "SYS/SYS_PASSWORD AS SYSDBA"
```
Enter the following command to determine whether any Oracle database instance is using the Automatic Storage Management instance:
```
SQL> SELECT INSTANCE_NAME FROM V$ASM_CLIENT;
```
This command lists all of the database instances that are using this Automatic Storage Management instance.

Note:
This command only lists database instances that are running. It is possible that other instances are associated with the Automatic Storage Management instance, but they are not currently running.
If you removed a database from this Oracle home but the output from the command shows that this Automatic Storage Management instance is supporting a database instance in another Oracle home, do not remove the Automatic Storage Management instance or the Oracle home.
If there are no database instances associated with this Automatic Storage Management instance, drop the disk groups associated with this instance as follows:

Note:
Dropping the Automatic Storage Management disk group makes the disk device available for use with another Automatic Storage Management instance if required. However, all data in the disk group is lost. Make sure that no other database instance requires any data from this disk group before you drop it.
1. Identify the disk groups associated with the Automatic Storage Management instance:
```
SQL> SELECT NAME FROM V$ASM_DISKGROUP;
```
2. For each disk group that you want to delete, enter a command similar to the following:
```
SQL> DROP DISKGROUP name INCLUDING CONTENTS;
```
Enter the following command to shut down the Automatic Storage Management instance:
```
SQL> SHUTDOWN
```
Remove the entry for the Automatic Storage Management instance from the /etc/oratab file.

6.5 Reconfiguring Oracle Cluster Synchronization Services

Oracle Cluster Synchronization Services (CSS) is a daemon process that is configured by the root.sh script when you configure an Automatic Storage Management instance. It is configured to start every time the system boots. This daemon process is required to enable synchronization between Oracle Automatic Storage Management and database instances. It must be running if an Oracle database is using Automatic Storage Management for database file storage.

Note:

On cluster systems with Oracle Real Application Clusters (RAC) installations, the CSS daemon is configured during the Oracle Clusterware installation. If the system is running Oracle CRS, refer to Oracle Database Oracle Clusterware and Oracle Real Application Clusters Installation Guide for Linux for information about removing RAC or Oracle Clusterware.

Before you remove an Oracle Database 10g Oracle home, you must determine whether the CSS daemon is running from that Oracle home and whether any other Oracle Database 10g Oracle homes exist on the system:

If the Oracle Database 10g Oracle home that you want to remove is the only Oracle Database 10g installation on the system, you can delete the CSS daemon configuration.
If the CSS daemon is running from the Oracle Database 10g Oracle home that you want to remove and other Oracle Database 10g installations exist on the system, you must reconfigure the CSS daemon to run from another Oracle Database 10g Oracle home.

The following sections describe how to complete these tasks:

6.5.1 Identifying Oracle Database 10g Oracle Homes

To identify all of the Oracle Database 10g Oracle home directories, enter the following command:

$ more /etc/oratab

From the output, identify any Oracle home directories where Oracle Database 10g is installed. Oracle homes that contain Oracle Database 10g typically have paths similar to the following. However, they might use different paths.

/mount_point/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_n

If there is only one Oracle home directory that contains Oracle Database 10g, refer to the "Deleting the Oracle CSS Daemon Configuration" section for information about deleting the Oracle CSS daemon configuration.

If you identify more than one Oracle Database 10g Oracle home directory, refer to the following section for information about reconfiguring the Oracle CSS daemon.

6.5.2 Reconfiguring the Oracle CSS Daemon

To reconfigure the Oracle CSS daemon so that it runs from an Oracle home that you are not removing, follow these steps:

In all Oracle home directories on the system, stop all Oracle Automatic Storage Management instances and any Oracle Database instances that use Automatic Storage Management for database file storage.
Switch user to root.
Enter the following command to identify the Oracle home directory being used to run the CSS daemon:
```
# more /etc/oracle/ocr.loc
```
The output from this command is similar to the following:
```
ocrconfig_loc=/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/cdata/localhost/local.ocr
local_only=TRUE
```
The ocrconfig_loc parameter specifies the location of the Oracle Cluster Registry (OCR) used by the CSS daemon. The path up to the cdatadirectory is the Oracle home directory where the CSS daemon is running (/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1 in this example).

Note:
If the value of the local_only parameter is FALSE, Oracle Clusterware is installed on this system.

See Also:
Oracle Database Oracle Clusterware and Oracle Real Application Clusters Installation Guide for Linux for information about removing Oracle Real Applications Clusters or Oracle Clusterware

If this Oracle home directory is not the Oracle home that you want to remove, go to the "Removing Oracle Software" section.
Change directory to the Oracle home directory for an Oracle Database 10g installation that you are not removing.

Set the ORACLE_HOME environment variable to specify the path to this Oracle home directory:

Bourne, Bash, or Korn shell:

# ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_2;
# export ORACLE_HOME

C shell:

# setenv ORACLE_HOME /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_2

Enter the following command to reconfigure the CSS daemon to run from this Oracle home:
```
# $ORACLE_HOME/bin/localconfig reset $ORACLE_HOME
```
This command stops the Oracle CSS daemon, reconfigures it in the new Oracle home, and then restarts it. When the system boots, the CSS daemon starts automatically from the new Oracle home.
To remove the original Oracle home directory, refer to the "Removing Oracle Software" section.

6.5.3 Deleting the Oracle CSS Daemon Configuration

To delete the Oracle CSS daemon configuration, follow these steps:

Note:

Delete the CSS daemon configuration only if you are certain that no other Oracle Database 10g installation requires it.

Remove any databases or Automatic Storage Management instances associated with this Oracle home. Refer to the preceding sections for information about how to complete these tasks.
Switch user to root.
Change directory to the Oracle home directory that you are removing.

Set the ORACLE_HOME environment variable to specify the path to this Oracle home directory:

Bourne, Bash, or Korn shell:

# ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1
# export ORACLE_HOME

C shell:

# setenv ORACLE_HOME /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1

Enter the following command to delete the CSS daemon configuration from this Oracle home:
```
# $ORACLE_HOME/bin/localconfig delete
```
The script stops the Oracle CSS daemon, then deletes its configuration. When the system boots, the CSS daemon no longer starts.

6.6 Removing Oracle Software

The following steps describe how to use Oracle Universal Installer to remove Oracle software from an Oracle home:

Note:

Always use Oracle Universal Installer to remove Oracle software. Do not delete any Oracle home directories without first using Oracle Universal Installer to remove the software.

If necessary, log in as the oracle user:
```
$ su - oracle
```
Set the ORACLE_HOME environment variable to specify the path of the Oracle home directory that you want to remove:
- Bourne, Bash, or Korn shell:
```
$ ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1 
$ export ORACLE_HOME
```
- C shell:
```
$ setenv ORACLE_HOME /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1
```
Remove any databases or Automatic Storage Management instances associated with this Oracle home and delete or reconfigure the Oracle CSS daemon.

Refer to the preceding sections for information about how to complete these tasks.

Stop any processes running in this Oracle home:

Process Name	Command
Database Control	`$ORACLE_HOME/bin/emctl stop dbconsole`
Oracle Net listener	`$ORACLE_HOME/bin/lsnrctl stop`
iSQL*Plus	`$ORACLE_HOME/bin/isqlplusctl stop`
Ultra Search	`$ORACLE_HOME/bin/searchctl stop`

Start Oracle Universal Installer as follows:
```
$ $ORACLE_HOME/oui/bin/runInstaller
```
In the Welcome window, click Deinstall Products.

The Inventory screen appears, listing all of the Oracle homes on the system.
In the Inventory screen, select the Oracle home and the products that you want to remove, then click Remove.

Note:
If you choose to remove Oracle JVM, Oracle Universal Installer removes all installed products that depend on Oracle JVM, including Oracle Database 10g.

Oracle Universal Installer displays a confirmation window asking you to confirm that you want to deinstall the products and their dependent components.
Click Yes.

Oracle Universal Installer displays a progress indicator as it removes the software.
Click Close on the Inventory screen.
When the products have been deleted, click Cancel to exit from Oracle Universal Installer, and then click Yes.

2012年5月3日星期四

Basic Enterprise Manager Troubleshooting

The web-based Enterprise Manager tool was introduced in Oracle 10g and has significant functionality improvements over previous versions. Even so, it seems there is not a day goes by without someone asking how to solve an Enterprise Manager configuration issue, so this article explains the first things you should look at. It's not meant to be an all encompassing guide. Just a first shot.
Make sure the "/etc/hosts" file contains at least the loopback address and preferably the machine definition also.

127.0.0.1       localhost.localdomain  localhost
192.168.0.181   myserver.localdomain   myserver

If you are using 11g, make sure the ORACLE_HOSTNAME and ORACLE_UNQNAME environment variables are set correctly.

ORACLE_HOSTNAME=myserver.localdomain; export ORACLE_HOSTNAME
ORACLE_UNQNAME=DB11G; export ORACLE_UNQNAME

Check the listener is running correctly.

lsnrctl status

If you get something like the following, your listener is not running and you need to start it using the "lsnrctl start" command.

$ lsnrctl status

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.1.0.7.0 - Production on 13-MAR-2009 13:32:49

Copyright (c) 1991, 2008, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
TNS-12541: TNS:no listener
 TNS-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error
  TNS-00511: No listener
   Linux Error: 2: No such file or directory
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=oel5-11g.localdomain)(PORT=1521)))
TNS-12541: TNS:no listener
 TNS-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error
  TNS-00511: No listener
   Linux Error: 111: Connection refused
$

Next, check the Enterprise Manager service is running.

$ emctl start dbconsole

Assuming the console is already running, or fails to start, the next thing to do is to reconfigure Enterprise Manager. This is done using the Enterprise Manager Configuration Assistant (EMCA). For a first attempt, run the following command. Remember to add the "-cluster" option to the end for RAC databases.

$ emca -config dbcontrol db -repos recreate

If it all goes well you would expect to see something like this.

$ emca -config dbcontrol db -repos recreate

STARTED EMCA at Mar 13, 2009 11:32:35 AM
EM Configuration Assistant, Version 11.1.0.7.0 Production
Copyright (c) 2003, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Enter the following information:
Database SID: DB11G
Database Control is already configured for the database DB11G
You have chosen to configure Database Control for managing the database DB11G
This will remove the existing configuration and the default settings and perform a fresh configuration
Do you wish to continue? [yes(Y)/no(N)]: Y
Listener port number: 1521
Password for SYS user:  
Password for DBSNMP user:  
Password for SYSMAN user:  
Email address for notifications (optional): 
Outgoing Mail (SMTP) server for notifications (optional): 
-----------------------------------------------------------------

You have specified the following settings

Database ORACLE_HOME ................ /u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/db_1

Local hostname ................ oel5-11g.localdomain
Listener port number ................ 1521
Database SID ................ DB11G
Email address for notifications ............... 
Outgoing Mail (SMTP) server for notifications ............... 

-----------------------------------------------------------------
Do you wish to continue? [yes(Y)/no(N)]: Y
Mar 13, 2009 11:33:19 AM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMConfig perform
INFO: This operation is being logged at /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/emca/DB11G/emca_2009_03_13_11_32_35.log.
Mar 13, 2009 11:33:20 AM oracle.sysman.emcp.util.PortManager isPortInUse
WARNING: Specified port 5540 is already in use.
Mar 13, 2009 11:33:20 AM oracle.sysman.emcp.util.PortManager isPortInUse
WARNING: Specified port 5520 is already in use.
Mar 13, 2009 11:33:20 AM oracle.sysman.emcp.util.PortManager isPortInUse
WARNING: Specified port 1158 is already in use.
Mar 13, 2009 11:33:20 AM oracle.sysman.emcp.util.PortManager isPortInUse
WARNING: Specified port 3938 is already in use.
Mar 13, 2009 11:33:20 AM oracle.sysman.emcp.util.DBControlUtil stopOMS
INFO: Stopping Database Control (this may take a while) ...
Mar 13, 2009 11:33:22 AM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMReposConfig invoke
INFO: Dropping the EM repository (this may take a while) ...
Mar 13, 2009 11:35:12 AM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMReposConfig invoke
INFO: Repository successfully dropped
Mar 13, 2009 11:35:12 AM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMReposConfig createRepository
INFO: Creating the EM repository (this may take a while) ...
Mar 13, 2009 11:40:06 AM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMReposConfig invoke
INFO: Repository successfully created
Mar 13, 2009 11:40:11 AM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMReposConfig uploadConfigDataToRepository
INFO: Uploading configuration data to EM repository (this may take a while) ...
Mar 13, 2009 11:41:01 AM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMReposConfig invoke
INFO: Uploaded configuration data successfully
Mar 13, 2009 11:41:07 AM oracle.sysman.emcp.util.DBControlUtil configureSoftwareLib
INFO: Software library configured successfully.
Mar 13, 2009 11:41:07 AM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMDBPostConfig configureSoftwareLibrary
INFO: Deploying Provisioning archives ...
Mar 13, 2009 11:41:16 AM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMDBPostConfig configureSoftwareLibrary
INFO: Provisioning archives deployed successfully.
Mar 13, 2009 11:41:16 AM oracle.sysman.emcp.util.DBControlUtil secureDBConsole
INFO: Securing Database Control (this may take a while) ...
Mar 13, 2009 11:41:28 AM oracle.sysman.emcp.util.DBControlUtil secureDBConsole
INFO: Database Control secured successfully.
Mar 13, 2009 11:41:28 AM oracle.sysman.emcp.util.DBControlUtil startOMS
INFO: Starting Database Control (this may take a while) ...
Mar 13, 2009 11:42:31 AM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMDBPostConfig performConfiguration
INFO: Database Control started successfully
Mar 13, 2009 11:42:34 AM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMDBPostConfig performConfiguration
INFO: >>>>>> The Database Control URL is https://oel5-11g.localdomain:1158/em <<<<<<
Mar 13, 2009 11:42:48 AM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMDBPostConfig invoke
WARNING: 
************************  WARNING  ************************

Management Repository has been placed in secure mode wherein Enterprise Manager data will be encrypted.  The encryption key has been placed in the file: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/db_1/oel5-11g.localdomain_DB11G/sysman/config/emkey.ora.   Please ensure this file is backed up as the encrypted data will become unusable if this file is lost. 

***********************************************************
Enterprise Manager configuration completed successfully
FINISHED EMCA at Mar 13, 2009 11:42:48 AM
$

If this fails, then de-configure and configure Enterprise Manager. Remember, you need the "-cluster" option for RAC databases.

emca -deconfig dbcontrol db -repos drop
emca -config dbcontrol db -repos create

The deconfig will look something like this.

$ emca -deconfig dbcontrol db -repos drop

STARTED EMCA at Mar 13, 2009 12:09:48 PM
EM Configuration Assistant, Version 11.1.0.7.0 Production
Copyright (c) 2003, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Enter the following information:
Database SID: DB11G
Listener port number: 1521
Password for SYS user:  
Password for SYSMAN user:  

Do you wish to continue? [yes(Y)/no(N)]: Y
Mar 13, 2009 12:10:07 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMConfig perform
INFO: This operation is being logged at /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/emca/DB11G/emca_2009_03_13_12_09_47.log.
Mar 13, 2009 12:10:08 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.util.DBControlUtil stopOMS
INFO: Stopping Database Control (this may take a while) ...
Mar 13, 2009 12:10:31 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMReposConfig invoke
INFO: Dropping the EM repository (this may take a while) ...
Mar 13, 2009 12:11:56 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMReposConfig invoke
INFO: Repository successfully dropped
Enterprise Manager configuration completed successfully
FINISHED EMCA at Mar 13, 2009 12:12:02 PM
$

The config will look something like this.

$ emca -config dbcontrol db -repos create

Enter the following information:
Database SID: DB11G
Listener port number: 1521
Password for SYS user:
Password for DBSNMP user:
Password for SYSMAN user:
Password for SYSMAN user: Email address for notifications (optional):
Outgoing Mail (SMTP) server for notifications (optional):
-----------------------------------------------------------------

You have specified the following settings

Database ORACLE_HOME ................ /u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/db_1

Local hostname ................ oel5-11g.localdomain
Listener port number ................ 1521
Database SID ................ DB11G
Email address for notifications ...............
Outgoing Mail (SMTP) server for notifications ...............

-----------------------------------------------------------------
Do you wish to continue? [yes(Y)/no(N)]: Y
Mar 13, 2009 12:37:54 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMConfig perform
INFO: This operation is being logged at /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/emca/DB11G/emca_2009_03_13_12_37_27.log.
Mar 13, 2009 12:37:55 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMReposConfig createRepository
INFO: Creating the EM repository (this may take a while) ...
Mar 13, 2009 12:42:03 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMReposConfig invoke
INFO: Repository successfully created
Mar 13, 2009 12:42:07 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMReposConfig uploadConfigDataToRepository
INFO: Uploading configuration data to EM repository (this may take a while) ...
Mar 13, 2009 12:42:57 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMReposConfig invoke
INFO: Uploaded configuration data successfully
Mar 13, 2009 12:42:59 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.util.DBControlUtil configureSoftwareLib
INFO: Software library configured successfully.
Mar 13, 2009 12:42:59 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMDBPostConfig configureSoftwareLibrary
INFO: Deploying Provisioning archives ...
Mar 13, 2009 12:43:07 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMDBPostConfig configureSoftwareLibrary
INFO: Provisioning archives deployed successfully.
Mar 13, 2009 12:43:07 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.util.DBControlUtil secureDBConsole
INFO: Securing Database Control (this may take a while) ...
Mar 13, 2009 12:43:20 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.util.DBControlUtil secureDBConsole
INFO: Database Control secured successfully.
Mar 13, 2009 12:43:20 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.util.DBControlUtil startOMS
INFO: Starting Database Control (this may take a while) ...
Mar 13, 2009 12:44:17 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMDBPostConfig performConfiguration
INFO: Database Control started successfully
Mar 13, 2009 12:44:17 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMDBPostConfig performConfiguration
INFO: >>>>>> The Database Control URL is https://oel5-11g.localdomain:5500/em <<<<<<
Mar 13, 2009 12:44:21 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMDBPostConfig invoke
WARNING:
************************ WARNING ************************

Management Repository has been placed in secure mode wherein Enterprise Manager data will be encrypted. The encryption key has been placed in the file: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/db_1/oel5-11g.localdomain_DB11G/sysman/config/emkey.ora. Please ensure this file is backed up as the encrypted data will become unusable if this file is lost.

***********************************************************
Enterprise Manager configuration completed successfully
FINISHED EMCA at Mar 13, 2009 12:44:21 PM
$

For the vast majority of cases I come across, these steps solve the problem.
For more information see:

Hope this helps. Regards Tim...

oracle em 端口號

http://hi.baidu.com/james_yulei/blog/item/450ca808e800801295ca6bf2.html

Use a Web browser to access the Database Control URL:

http://host:port/em

In this example:

host is the name of the computer on which you installed Oracle Database

port is the port number reserved for the Database Control during installation

If you do not know the correct port number to use, look for the following line in the $ORACLE_HOME/install/portlist.ini file:

Enterprise Manager Console HTTP Port (db_name) = 1158

The installation reserves the first available port from the range 5500 to 5519. For example, if you installed Oracle Database on host mgmt42, and the Database Control uses port 1158, use the following URL:

http://mgmt42:1158/em

Oracle Enterprise Manager displays the Database Control login page.

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2012年5月9日 星期三

To completely remove all Oracle databases, instances, and software from an Oracle home directory

http://docs.oracle.com/cd/B19306_01/install.102/b15660/remove_oracle_sw.htm#sthref1036

6.1 Overview

6.2 Identifying All Instances

6.3 Removing an Oracle Database

6.4 Removing an Automatic Storage Management Instance

6.5 Reconfiguring Oracle Cluster Synchronization Services

6.5.1 Identifying Oracle Database 10g Oracle Homes

6.5.2 Reconfiguring the Oracle CSS Daemon

6.5.3 Deleting the Oracle CSS Daemon Configuration

6.6 Removing Oracle Software

2012年5月3日 星期四

Basic Enterprise Manager Troubleshooting

oracle em 端口號

2012年5月9日星期三

2012年5月3日星期四